Prewriting

Gathering
Details

Form - how organized

Physical characteristics

  • breaks
  • title
  • paragraphing
  • capitalization
  • italics
  • punctuation

Allusions

Plot

Characters

Setting

Point of View

  • Who sees
  • Who tells

Style, tone, language

Symbolism, Allegory Images

Theme

Methods

  • Previewing
  • Highlighting
  • Annotating
  • Journal Writing
Focused
Prewriting

Discovering a
purpose

or

Developing
Details

Patterns

  • Enough Evidence
  • No Contradictory Evidence

Literary Criticism

Methods

  • Options for Topics
    (Kirszner and Mandell 31-2)
  • Brainstorming

  • Group Lists

  • Scratch Outlines

  • Thesis Exploration

Drafting

Selecting/Organizing
Details to Fit
Some Purpose

Purpose or Thesis
  • Meaning
  • Purpose
  • Significance
  • Value

Method

  • Freewrite using prewriting and focused prewriting notes

Revision

Making Effective:

Sharpen Purpose

or

Sharpen Details

Purpose

  • Thesis

    • Carefully and precisely worded
    • Point worth making
    • Comprehensive
    • Focused to manageable limits
  • Details

    • Appropriate
    • Sufficient
    • Specific and Concrete
      • Summarizing key events
      • Quoting dialogue or description
      • Describing characters or setting
      • Paraphrasing key ideas
Editing

Making Effective:
Style, Form, and
Language

Introduction

  • Interesting
  • Clear purpose
    • Specific work(s)
    • Particular point

Body

  • Topic Sentences
    • Direction of ideas
    • Relationships or Links between ideas
  • Transitions
    • Accurate relationships
    • Clear relationships
  • Language
    • Clear
    • Appropriate
    • Formal diction
    • Sentence variety
    • Present tense
      (Past tense only used for historical events or actions which occurred prior to the action in the story)
  • Conclusion
    • Restatement
    • Summary
Proofreading

Making Effective:
Format

Mechanics

  • Titles of works
  • Names of Authors
    • 1st - First and Last
    • Then - Last only
    • No titles
  • Literary Terms used correctly

Documentation

  • MLA style

Standard Grammar, Punctuation, and Spelling

Appearance

  • Neat
  • Headings
  • Margins
  • Typed (out-of-class)
  • Handwritten on white lined notebook paper (in-class)

(developed from Kirszner, Laurie G. and Stephen R. Mandell. Literature: Reading, Reacting, Writing. Fort Worth: Harcourt, 1994. 17-63.)

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