Writers should use quotations sparingly. If the whole paper is a series of quotations, how much did the writer write?
Writers generally use short quotations in order to incorporate telling phrases or powerful language into their writing. Short quotations are documented parenthetically, often without drawing attention to the source (a notable exception is when quoting from a literary source for purposes of explication). Long quotations are always introduced by identifying the source in what is called a "running acknowlegement." If the quotation is three or more typewritten lines, the quotations is block indented. The following might be reasons of voice for incorporating a long quotation:
- The essay writer wants to take issue with what someone has said (The writer quotes the source so that there is no question regarding how the writer is disagreeing with the source);
- The source is a recognized authority and makes an authoritative statement which the essay writer wants to get on record;
- The essay writer wants to reveal something about a source's character by revealing the source's thoughts in that person's own words; or
- The original source is written so powerfully and vividly, that any paraphrase would weaken its impact.
Be especially careful regarding that last reason given. Students often offer it as an excuse for quoting an idea or information that should not have been quoted and could easily have been paraphrased or summarized.
Never use a long quotation just to provide information. The exception would be a chart or graphic that summarizes a complex arrangement or large amount of information.
