Writing for Self
Prewriting	Focused Prewriting	Drafting
Gathering Details	Discovering a Purpose or Developing Details	Selecting/Organizing Details to Fit Some Purpose
Focusing on details using Journal Writing Freewriting Focused writing Listing Brainstorming Clustering Looping Reporter's Formula (5 W's)	Focusing on patterns through Brainstorming Listing Clustering Grouping Scratch Outline Looping	Focusing on a single idea that reveals Meaning Purpose Value or Significance Write the draft quickly using prewriting and focused prewriting notes
Writing for Audience
First Review: Revision (Re-seeing)	Second Review: Editing	Third Review: Proofreading
Making Effective: Sharpening Purpose or Sharpening Details	Making Effective: Style, Form, & Language	Making Effective: Format
Purpose or Thesis Carefully and precisely worded Point worth making Comprehensive Focused to manageable limits Details Appropriate Sufficient General - broad categories Specific - mathematically precise Concrete - involving the five senses	Introduction Interesting Provides background (for thesis) Clear and specific purpose (thesis) Body Topic Sentences Direction of ideas Relationships of links between ideas Transtions accurate relationships Language Clear Appropriate diction Sentence variety Vivid nouns and verbs Free from excess words or clutter Conclusion Restatement or summary Sense of resolution	Mechanics (appropriate to genre) Business writing Technical Writing Personal Essay Academic Essay Literary Analysis Research Documentation (research) MLA Others Standard Grammar, punctuation, and spelling Appearance Neat and legible Appropriate headings Margins Typed double-spaced left justified one inch margins Handwritten front side lined white notebook paper blue or black ink